BACHILLERATO - LIST of FALSE FRIENDS

False friends are pairs of words or phrases in two languages that look or sound similar, but differ in meaning.They can cause difficulty for students learning a foreign language because students are likely to identify the words wrongly due to linguistic interference. For this reason, teachers sometimes compile lists of false friends as an aid for their students...

actually: en realidad (y no actualmente, que se dice nowadays, at present)
to advertise: anunciar (y no advertir, que se dice to warn)
advice: consejos (y no aviso, que se dice warning, notice)
argument: discusión, pelea (y no argumento de un libro/una película, que se dice plot)
to assist: ayudar (y no asistir a un lugar, que se dice to attend)
billion: mil millones (y no billón, que se dice trillion)

cap: gorra (y no capa, que se dice layer)
career: carrera profesional, ocupación luego del estudio (y no carrera referida al curso universitario, que se dice degree)
carpet: alfombra (y no carpeta, que se dice folder)
cartoon: dibujos animados, tira cómica (y no cartón, que se dice cardboard)
casualty: víctima o herido (y no casualidad, que se dice coincidence)
collar: cuello de las prendas de vestir (y no collar, que se dice necklace)
college: facultad, colegio universitario (y no colegio, que se dice school)

complexion: tez, tono de la piel (y no complexión, que se dice build)
conductor: director de orquesta o cobrador (y no conductor, que se dice driver)
(to be) constipated: sufrir de estreñimiento (y no estar constipado, que se dice to have a cold/chill)
contest: concurso (y no contestar, que se dice to answer)
costume: traje, disfraz (y no costumbre, que se dice custom, habit)
curse: maldición (y no curso, que se dice course)
deception: engaño (y no decepción, que se dice disappointment)
dessert: postre (y no desierto, que se dice desert)
disgust: asco, repugnancia (y no disgusto, que se dice annoyance, quarrel, trouble o to be upset)
economics: economía (y no económicos, que se dice cheap)
embarrassed: avergonzado/a (y no embarazada, que se dice pregnant)
estate: propiedad, bien inmueble, patrimonio (y no estado, que se dice state)
eventually: finalmente, tarde o temprano (y no eventualmente que se dice by chance, possibly)
exit: salida (y no éxito, que se dice success)
fabric: tela (y no fábrica, que se dice factory)
familiar: conocido, familiar (adjetivo) (y no pariente, familiar (sustantivo), que se dice relative)

fastidious: exigente, quisquilloso, maniático, meticuloso ( y no fastidioso, que se dice tiresome, annoying)
hardly: apenas, difícilmente (y no duramente, que se dice strongly)

idiom: modismo, locución (y no idioma, que se dice language)
influenza: gripe (y no influencia, que se dice influence)
inhabitant: habitante (y no inhabitado, que se dice uninhabited)
to intend: tener la intención de (y no intentar, que se dice to try)
intoxicated: ebrio (y no intoxicado, que se dice with food poisoning)
involve: involucrar (y no envolver, que se dice wrap)
jam: mermelada (y no jamón, que se dice ham)
large: grande (y no largo, que se dice long)
lecture: conferencia (y no lectura, que se dice reading)
lentil: lenteja (y no lentilla, que se dice contact lens)
letter: letra del abecedario o carta (y no letra de una canción, que se dice lyrics)
library: biblioteca (y no librería, que se dice bookshop)
mayor: alcalde (y no mayor, que se dice bigger)
misery: tristeza (y no miseria, que se dice poverty)
notice: nota, anuncio (y no noticia, que se dice a piece of news)
office: oficina (y no oficio, que se dice trade o job)
ordinary: común (y no ordinario, que se dice vulgar)
pan: cacerola, cazuela (y no pan, que se dice bread)

petrol: gasolina  (y no petróleo, que se dice oil, petroleum)
pie: pastel (y no pie, que se dice foot)
place: lugar (y no plaza, que se dice square)
policy: política (y no policía, que se dice police)
to pretend: aparentar, fingir (y no pretender, que se dice to expect)
prize: premio (y no precio, que se dice price)
to quit: abandonar, dejar (y no quitar, que se dice to remove o to put away)
quote: cita  (y no cuota, que se dice fee, installment o payment)
to realize: darse cuenta (y no realizar, que se dice to make)
to record: grabar (y no recordar, que se dice to remember)
regular: de tamaño normal (y no regular, que se dice bad, not so good)
relatives: parientes (y no relativos, que se dice relative (adjective))
to remove: quitar, eliminar (y no remover, que se dice to stir)
resort: centro turístico o recurso (y no resorte, que se dice spring)
rope: cuerda, soga (y no ropa, que se dice clothes)
rude: maleducado, descortés (y no rudo, que se dice rough)
sane: cuerdo (y no sano, que se dice healthy)
sensible: sensato (y no sensible, que se dice sensitive)
sensitive: sensible (y no sensitivo, que se dice related to the senses)
soap: jabón (y no sopa, que se dice soup)
spade: pala (y no espada, que se dice sword)
stationery: artículos de papelería (y no estacionario, que se dice stationary)
to stay: quedarse (y no estar, que se dice to be)
to stir: revolver un líquido (y no estirar, que se dice to stretch)
stranger: desconocido o forastero (y no extranjero, que se dice foreigner)
to stretch: estirar, extender, ensanchar (y no estrechar, que se dice to take in, to narrow)
suburb: barrio rico periférico de la ciudad (y no suburbio de casas pobres, que se dice slum)
success: éxito (y no suceso, que se dice event)
to support: apoyar (y no soportar, que se dice to put up with)
sympathetic: comprensivo (y no simpático, que se dice nice, likeable)
sympathy: compasión, comprensión, pésame (y no simpatía, que se dice friendliness, affection)
target: objetivo (y no tarjeta, que se dice card)
terrific: fenomenal, genial (y no terrorífico, que se dice terrifying)
to translate: traducir (y no trasladarse, que se dice to move)
tramp: vagabundo (y no trampa, que se dice trap)
vacuum: vacío (y no vacuna, que se dice vaccine)
zealous: entusiasta (y no celoso, que se dice jealous)

A tribute to Steve Jobs

"Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary."

Steve Jobs
US computer engineer & industrialist (1955 -2011 )

2nd Bach: Reading comprehension: BC/AD or BCE/CE?

Read through the following newspaper articles and answer the questions:

• What is the problem about? Make a summary.
• What is your opinion about this subject?
• Which words did you not understand and had to be looked up in a dictionary?

BBC turns its back on year of Our Lord: 2,000 years of Christianity jettisoned for politically correct 'Common Era'
The BBC has been accused of 'absurd political correctness' after dropping the terms BC and AD in case they offend non-Christians.
The Corporation has replaced the familiar Anno Domini (the year of Our Lord) and Before Christ with the obscure terms Common Era and Before Common Era.
Some of the BBC's most popular programmes including University Challenge, presented by Jeremy Paxman, and Radio 4's In Our Time, hosted by Melvyn Bragg, are among the growing number of shows using the new descriptions.

The BBC's religious and ethics department says the changes are necessary to avoid offending non-Christians.

It states: 'As the BBC is committed to impartiality it is appropriate that we use terms that do not offend or alienate non-Christians.
In line with modern practice, BCE/CE (Before Common Era/Common Era) are used as a religiously neutral alternative to BC/AD.'
But the move has angered Christians, mystified other faith leaders and been branded unnecessary by the Plain English Campaign. Critics say the new terms are meaningless because, just like AD and BC, they still denote years in relation to the life of Christ.

Marie Clair of the Plain English Campaign said: 'As with most politically correct innovations, I am sure this was done with the best of intentions. But it is difficult to see what the point of the changes are if people do not understand the new terms. It sounds like change just for the sake of change.'

This is not the first time the BBC has caused controversy over its use of alien language to promote a politically correct, Europhile agenda.
Its increasing reliance on metric measurements rather than the imperial system and its occasional reference to expenditure in terms of euros rather than pounds has infuriated many viewers.
Several prominent Christians last night blasted the Corporation for sidelining Christianity.
The Rev Peter Mullen, Anglican chaplain to the London Stock Exchange, said: 'This is absurd political correctness and these new terms do not mean anything to anyone.
'I think it's an example of the BBC trying to undermine Christianity by pushing an aggressive secularism.
'I would be very surprised if any other faith had complained about the use of Anno Domini and Before Christ.'
Ann Widdecombe, the Catholic former Tory Minister, said: 'I think what the BBC is doing is offensive to Christians. They are discarding terms that have been around for centuries and are well understood by everyone.
'What are they going to do next? Get rid of the entire calendar on the basis that it has its roots in Christianity?' A spokesman for the Church of England said that although both terms were common, BC and AD 'more clearly reflect Britain's Christian heritage'.

Vatican newspaper criticizes BBC change to 'common era' dating

VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- The Vatican newspaper said it was "historically senseless hypocrisy" for the BBC to drop the dating abbreviations B.C. and A.D. on the grounds that they might offend non-Christians.
In a front-page commentary Oct. 4, L'Osservatore Romano said the change reflected a wider effort to "cancel every trace of Christianity from Western culture."
The British media corporation recently announced it would replace B.C. (Before Christ) and A.D. (Anno Domini, or Year of the Lord) with B.C.E. (Before Common Era) and C.E. (Common Era.) It said the new terms were a "religiously neutral" alternative.
The Vatican newspaper added its voice to a growing number of critics, who have noted that the new dating abbreviations still use the birth of Christ as a reference point, but without acknowledging the connection.
"To deny the historically revolutionary importance of the coming of Christ on earth, which is also accepted by those who do not recognize him as the son of God, is an act of enormous foolishness," the newspaper said.
"Why not recognize that from that moment, the world changed?" it said. For one thing, it said, the modern concept of human rights owes much to the new Christian vision of the equality of human beings as children of God.
The newspaper said it was "anti-historical" to deny the cultural debt owed by civilization to Christianity.

 

Government to save Year of our Lord from BBC's 'Common Era'

The Government last night moved to safeguard BC and AD after The Mail on Sunday revealed they were under threat because they were considered offensive to non-Christians.
Last week this newspaper reported that the BBC had replaced Anno Domini (the Year of our Lord) and Before Christ with the obscure terms Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE).

The Corporation believes BC and AD are offensive to non-Christians and has started to use the ‘religiously neutral’ alternatives on websites and in programmes including University Challenge and Radio 4’s In Our Time.

The decision has prompted an avalanche of complaints from viewers, Christian groups, politicians including London Mayor Boris Johnson, and even some of the BBC’s own star presenters, who have vowed to stick with the traditional terms.

 Complaint and BBC Response

We received complaints from people concerned about press reports claiming that the BBC has replaced the reference terms BC (Before Christ) and AD (Anno Domini) with BCE (Before Common Era) and CE (Common Era).



It is incorrect to say that the BBC has replaced date systems BC and AD with Before Common Era (BCE) and Common Era (CE). Whilst the BBC uses BC and AD like most people as standard terminology, it is possible to use different terminology, particularly as it is now commonly used in historical research. The BBC has issued no editorial guidance on date systems, and the decision rests with the individual editorial and production teams. It should also be noted that for every BCE or CE reference, there are still a great many BC and AD references used across the BBC.